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Ruling on the Validity of Ẓuhr Prayer Before Jumuʿah for One Obligated to Attend Friday Prayer

Question

Assalaamu Alaykum, is Zuhr prayer still valid if someone prayed Zuhr (at home or the Mosque) before (not after) Jumu’ah prayer (Friday prayer) but their Jumu’ah prayer was invalid due to breaking Wudu during Jumu’ah prayer or missing it according to the 4 Madhabs?Note: I asked this question before but it was misunderstood. I was asking about the validity of praying Zuhr before (not after) the Jumu'ah prayer was invalidated.May Allaah reward you.

Answer

All perfect praise be to Allah, The Lord of the Worlds. I testify that there is none worthy of worship except Allah, and that Muhammad ( sallallaahu  `alayhi  wa  sallam ( may  Allaah exalt his mention )) is His Slave and Messenger.

If what the questioner intends is that he prayed Ẓuhr correctly before the Jumuʿah prayer, then went to attend the Jumuʿah prayer and his ablution was invalidated during the prayer and he is unable to complete it, then the answer is that the Ẓuhr prayer he performed before the Jumuʿah prayer does not suffice him – if he is among those upon whom the Jumuʿah prayer is obligatory – according to the Hanbali school, as well as the Maliki school according to the well-known view among them, Imam Shafi‘i  may  Allaah  have  mercy  upon  him in his later opinion, and also Sufyan Al-Thawri, Ishaq, and Zufar  may  Allaah  have  mercy  upon  them.

While,Abu Hanifah, Shafi‘i  may  Allaah  have  mercy  upon  them in his earlier opinion, and some of the Malikis held that it does suffice him.

Thus, the disagreement regarding the validity of the Ẓuhr prayer for one upon whom the Jumuʿah prayer is obligatory and who has no excuse is a well-known difference of opinion. Whoever wishes to examine the differing views of the scholars and their statements on this issue should refer to the books of jurisprudence.

Allah Knows best

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